diff --git a/agents/refactorer.md b/agents/refactorer.md
index 9e343b0..067256e 100644
--- a/agents/refactorer.md
+++ b/agents/refactorer.md
@@ -78,3 +78,93 @@ VIOLATIONS NOT FIXED (justified):
 
 TESTS: ✅ passing / ❌ failures detected
 ```
+
+---
+
+## WORKED EXAMPLES
+
+### Example 1 — split oversized function
+
+Before (32 logic lines, 6 locals → violates limits):
+
+```ts
+function processOrder(o: Order) {
+  const subtotal = o.items.reduce((s, i) => s + i.price * i.qty, 0);
+  const discountRate = o.coupon ? lookupCoupon(o.coupon).rate : 0;
+  const discount = subtotal * discountRate;
+  const taxBase = subtotal - discount;
+  const taxRate = o.region === "EU" ? 0.20 : 0.0875;
+  const tax = taxBase * taxRate;
+  const shippingCost = o.shipping === "express" ? 12 : 5;
+  const total = taxBase + tax + shippingCost;
+  // ...persist + email...
+  saveOrder({ ...o, total });
+  emailReceipt(o.email, total);
+  return total;
+}
+```
+
+After (each helper ≤ 25 lines, ≤ 5 locals, same external behavior):
+
+```ts
+function computeSubtotal(items: Item[]): number { /* ... */ }
+function applyDiscount(subtotal: number, coupon?: string): number { /* ... */ }
+function computeTax(base: number, region: string): number { /* ... */ }
+function computeShipping(mode: string): number { /* ... */ }
+
+function processOrder(o: Order): number {
+  const subtotal = computeSubtotal(o.items);
+  const taxBase = subtotal - applyDiscount(subtotal, o.coupon);
+  const total = taxBase + computeTax(taxBase, o.region) + computeShipping(o.shipping);
+  saveOrder({ ...o, total });
+  emailReceipt(o.email, total);
+  return total;
+}
+```
+
+Tags applied: `[NORM] processOrder: 32 lines → split into 4 helpers`, `[NORM] processOrder: 6 locals → 3`.
+
+### Example 2 — rename + extract guard
+
+Before:
+
+```py
+def h(d, u):
+    if d.get("active") and u in d.get("admins", []):
+        return d["data"]
+    return None
+```
+
+After:
+
+```py
+def get_data_if_admin(doc: dict, user: str) -> dict | None:
+    if not _is_active_admin(doc, user):
+        return None
+    return doc["data"]
+
+def _is_active_admin(doc: dict, user: str) -> bool:
+    return doc.get("active") and user in doc.get("admins", [])
+```
+
+Tags: `[NORM] h → get_data_if_admin (explicit name)`, `[QUALITY] guard extracted`.
+
+### Counter-example — DO NOT refactor
+
+Disguised business logic change (REJECT):
+
+```ts
+// "refactor": collapse two branches → wrong, the order matters for audit log
+function charge(o: Order) {
+  if (o.region === "EU") logVat(o);   // must run BEFORE charge
+  return chargeCard(o);
+}
+// proposed "cleaner" version:
+function charge(o: Order) {
+  const result = chargeCard(o);
+  if (o.region === "EU") logVat(o);   // ← ORDER CHANGED, this is a behavior change
+  return result;
+}
+```
+
+Rule: if the diff changes ordering, side-effect timing, error visibility, or return-value semantics → it is NOT a refactor. Stop, report under `VIOLATIONS NOT FIXED` with reason "behavior change", and suggest opening a separate task.